Abakunzi ba firime bazasanga uburyo bwinshi bwa kera bwa sinema ya kera yimitako idasanzwe, mubyukuri, inyinshi muri zo ni imitako ya kera. Imitako ya kera ya kera ifite imitungo imwe ihuriweho: ibikoresho by'agaciro, kumva amateka, hamwe nuburyo budasanzwe.
Imitako ya kera ni iy'imitako y'ubuhanzi, kandi imitako myinshi ya kera ya none ikwirakwizwa ku isi ni nziza muri kiriya gihe, ikagaragaza imyambarire y'ibihe byayo. Ntabwo ari ibintu bisanzwe kandi byiza gusa, ahubwo nibikorwa bidasanzwe byubuhanzi, bitwaye amateka menshi numuco. Muburyo bumwe, agaciro k'ubuhanzi bw'iyi mitako ya kera ntishobora gusuzugurwa. Uyu munsi Xiaobian azagutwara kugirango urebe iyo mitako ya kera ifite ubwiza bwa kera mubihe bitandukanye.
Igihe cya Victorian (1837-1901)
Uburyo butandukanye bw'imitako bwari buzwi ku ngoma y'Umwamikazi Victoria. Imitako yo mu bihe bya mbere bya Victorian (1837-1861) yaranzwe na kamere y'urukundo; Mu gihe cya Victorian rwagati (1861-1880), hamwe n'urupfu rw'igikomangoma Albert, imitako y'icyunamo ifite amabuye y'agaciro nka jade y'amakara yari ikunzwe; Imitako yo mu bihe bya nyuma ya Victorian (1880-1901) yakunze kuba yoroheje kandi nziza. Imitako ya kera ni umuco ugaragaza umuco wahise wo mu gihe cya Victorian, igihe igishushanyo mbonera cyakuwe mu Bashuri bwa kera, mu Bugereki bwa kera, Etruscan, Abanyaroma, Abanyamisiri, Gothique na Renaissance.
Igihe cyubuhanzi Nouveau (1890-1914)
Igishushanyo mbonera cya Art Nouveau cyari gitandukanye cyane nuburyo bwa Renaissance. Byahumetswe na kamere kandi birangwa no gutekereza no kugendagenda muburyo bwo kwerekana ubuhanzi. Indabyo, inyamaswa, ikinyugunyugu hamwe nudukoko twangiza ni ibisanzwe, kimwe numubare utandukanye wimpimbano nka peri na mermaids. Insanganyamatsiko yumugore ihinduka mubiremwa bidasanzwe, bishushanya intangiriro yimyigaragambyo yabategarugori.
Igihe cya Edwardian (1900-1915)
Imitako ya Edwardian izwiho uburyo bwa "garland", ubusanzwe indabyo zifite imikandara n'umuheto. Ubu buryo bwa imitako bukomoka kumitako yo mu kinyejana cya 18, ibishushanyo bihebuje cyane, akenshi byambarwa nabakire kugirango berekane ubutunzi bwabo. Abagore bo mu rwego rwo hejuru (nka Alexandra, Umuganwakazi wa Wales) bakundaga kwambara imitako muri ubu buryo bwo gushushanya. Ifeza yakunze gusimburwa na platine mumitako muriki gihe, ibisubizo byiterambere ryikoranabuhanga bivuze ko abanyabutare bari abahanga mugukoresha ibyuma. Mu mitako yiki gihe, opal, ukwezi, Alexandrite, diyama na puwaro byatoneshwaga mugushushanya, kandi usibye kunoza imikorere, abayikora nabo bitaye cyane kumiterere yibuye. Diyama idasanzwe kandi ihenze ya diyama yashyizwe muburyo bwa platine ubuhanga ni insanganyamatsiko yihariye yigihe cya Edwardian.
Igihe cya Art Deco (1920 na 1930)
Imitako ya Art Deco yagaragaye nyuma yintambara ya mbere yisi yose, itandukanye na ethereal sensibilité yuburyo bwa Art Nouveau hamwe nubwiza buhebuje bwuburyo bwa garland. Imiterere ya geometrike yimitako ya Art Deco iranonosowe kandi nziza, no gukoresha ubutinyutsi amabara atandukanye - cyane cyane umweru (diyama) numukara (umurongo uteganijwe), umweru (diyama) nubururu (safiro), cyangwa umutuku (ruby) nicyatsi ( emaragido) - garagaza neza pragmatism nyuma yintambara. Igishushanyo cyayobowe na Mughal amabuye y'agaciro yabajwe, platine yari ikunzwe cyane muri iki gihe, kandi ibishushanyo mbonera ndetse n'ibishushanyo byiza, byoroshye nabyo byahindutse icyamamare. Iyi mitako yarakomeje kugeza Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose itangiye mu 1939.
Igihe cya Retro (1940s)
Mu ntangiriro ya 1940, kubera gukoresha platine cyane mu gisirikare, imitako yakorwaga muri zahabu cyangwa zahabu. Imirongo ishushanyijeho ibice byigihe ikunze kugaragara mugushiraho diyama ntoya na rubavu (akenshi ni amabuye yubukorikori) cyangwa amabuye manini ahendutse nka citrine na amethyst. Imitako mu mpera za 1940 yagaragazaga iterambere nyuma y'intambara, hamwe n'ibishushanyo byahumetswe n'ibikoresho bya mashini nk'iminyururu y'amagare n'udukingirizo, hamwe n'ibishusho by'indabyo n'umuheto byerekanaga ubwiza bw'umugore, kandi byavumbuwe cyane mu gukoresha amabuye y'agaciro y'amabara.
Igihe cy'ikinyejana cya 20 (1990)
Mu myaka ya za 90 yari iteye imbere nk'igihe cya Edwardian, kandi habaye irushanwa rishya rya diyama idasanzwe, y'agaciro n'amabuye yo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Hatangijwe uburyo bushya bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru nko gukata kwa Princess no gukata kwa Raydean, kandi hongeye gushishikazwa nuburyo bwa kera bwo gusya nko guca Inyenyeri, guca amaroza, no gucukura amabuye ya kera. Hariho kandi nubuhanga bushya bwo gushiraho amabuye y'agaciro, nko gushiraho ibintu byihishe hamwe no guhagarika diyama. Ibinyugunyugu n'ibiyoka, kimwe n'ubutaka bwa Art Nouveau bwubutaka, bwagarutse muriki cyiciro cyimitako.
Uko igihe gihita, ntabwo bigoye kubona ko imitako ya kera ari impano yigihe cyiza, iragwa ubwiza bwerurutse kandi butigera bugenda bugabanuka, ari nacyo kamaro ko gukusanya ibihangano by'imitako. Muri iki gihe, igishushanyo mbonera cya kijyambere nacyo giterwa n'imitako ya kera ku rugero runaka, kandi abashushanya baziga ibiranga imitako mu bihe bitandukanye byamateka, kandi bagahora bashya udushya twerekana ubwiza bwimitako.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-01-2024